Isikhumba se-PVC (isikhumba sokwenziwa se-polyvinyl chloride) siyinto efana nesikhumba eyenziwe nge-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, kanye nokwengezwa kwezithasiselo ezisebenzayo ezifana nama-plasticizers nama-stabilizers, ngokusebenzisa i-coating, calendering, noma i-lamination. Okulandelayo ukuhlaziya okuphelele kwencazelo yayo, ubuthi, kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza:
I. Incazelo kanye Nesakhiwo Sesikhumba Se-PVC
1. Ukwakheka Okuyisisekelo
Isendlalelo sesisekelo: Imvamisa indwangu elukiwe noma elukiwe, ehlinzeka ngosekelo lwemishini.
Isendlalelo esimaphakathi: Isendlalelo se-PVC esinegwebu esiqukethe ama-plasticizer nama-ejenti agwebu, esinikeza ukunwebeka nokuthambile.
Isendlalelo esingaphezulu: I-PVC resin coating, engaqoshwa ukuze idale ukuthungwa okufana nesikhumba futhi ingase iqukathe imithi yokwelapha evikela imihuzuko.
Eminye imikhiqizo futhi ifaka ungqimba olunamathelayo lwe-polyurethane (PU) noma ijazi langaphezulu elimelana nokugqokwa elibonisa ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe.
2. Izici ezibalulekile
Izakhiwo Zomzimba: Ukumelana ne-Hydrolysis, ukumelana ne-abrasion (ukuguquguquka kuze kufike ku-30,000 izikhathi ezingu-100,000), kanye ne-flame retardancy (ibanga le-B1).
Ukulinganiselwa Kokusebenza: Ukuphefumula okungalungile (okungaphansi kwesikhumba se-PU), okujwayele ukuqina emazingeni okushisa aphansi, nokukhululwa kwe-plasticizer okungenzeka kube nokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
2. Ingxabano yobuthi kanye namazinga okuphepha esikhumba se-PVC
Imithombo engaba ubuthi
1. Izithasiselo eziyingozi
Ama-Plasticizers (ama-plasticizer): Ama-phthalates endabuko (afana ne-DOP) angase avuze futhi aphazamise isimiso se-endocrine, ikakhulukazi uma echayeke kuwoyela noma endaweni yokushisa ephezulu.
Iziqinisi zensimbi enzima: Iziqinisi eziqukethe umthofu ne-cadmium zingathuthela emzimbeni womuntu, futhi ukunqwabelana kwesikhathi eside kungalimaza izinso nesimiso sezinzwa.
I-Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM): I-VCM eyinsalela ekukhiqizweni iyi-carcinogen eqinile.
2. Izingozi zemvelo kanye nemfucuza
Ama-Dioxin nezinye izinto ezinobuthi obukhulu zikhishwa ngesikhathi sokushiswa; izinsimbi ezisindayo zingena emhlabathini nasemithonjeni yamanzi ngemva kokulahla imfucumfucu.
Ukugaywa kabusha kunzima, futhi eziningi zazo ziba ukungcola okuphikelelayo.
Amazinga okuphepha kanye nezinyathelo zokuzivikela
Izinga eliphoqelekile laseChina le-GB 21550-2008 likhawulela ngokuqinile okuqukethwe kwezinto eziyingozi:
I-vinyl chloride monomer: ≤5 mg/kg
Umthofu oncibilikayo: ≤90 mg/kg | I-cadmium encibilikayo: ≤75 mg/kg
Okunye okuguquguqukayo: ≤20 g/m²
Isikhumba se-PVC esihlangabezana naleli zinga (njengokwakheka okungenayo i-lead- kanye ne-cadmium, noma ukusebenzisa uwoyela wesoya epoxidized esikhundleni se-DOP) sinengozi ephansi yobuthi. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwayo kwezemvelo kusengaphansi kwezinye izinto ezifana ne-PU lesikhumba ne-TPU.
Izincomo Zokuthenga: Bheka izitifiketi zemvelo (ezifana ne-FloorScore ne-GREENGUARD) futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (>60°C) kanye nokuxhumana nokudla okunamafutha.
III. Inqubo Yokukhiqiza Isikhumba ye-PVC
Inqubo Eyinhloko
1. Ukulungiselela Impahla Engavuthiwe
I-Slurry Layer Slurry: I-PVC resin + plasticizer (efana ne-DOP) + stabilizer (ukwakheka okungenamthofu) + umbala.
I-Slurry Yengqimba Enegwebu: Engeza i-ejenti efuthayo (efana ne-azodicarbonamide) nesigcwalisi esilungisiwe (njenge-attapulgite ukuze uthuthukise ukumelana nesimo sezulu).
2. Inqubo yokubumba
Indlela Yokuhlanganisa (Inqubo Ejwayelekile):
Gcoba iphepha lokukhulula ngongqimba olungaphezulu lwe-slurry (lokoma ku-170-190°C) → Faka ungqimba olunamagwebu lwe-slurry → Laminate ngendwangu eyisisekelo (i-polyurethane bonding) → Hlikihla iphepha lokukhulula → Faka i-ejenti yokwelapha engaphezulu ngerola.
Indlela Yekhalenda:
Ingxube ye-resin ikhishwa ngesikulufu (125-175°C) → Ishidiwe kukhalenda (izinga lokushisa le-roller 165-180°C) → Icindezelwe ngokushisa ngendwangu eyisisekelo.
I-Foaming kanye Ne-Post-Processing:
Isithando somlilo esinegwebu sisebenzisa ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa okuhleliwe (110-195°C) ngesivinini esingama-15-25 m/min ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo se-microporous.
Ukufaka embossing (ukufaka embossing ezinhlangothini ezimbili) kanye nokwelashwa kwe-UV okungaphezulu kuthuthukisa ukuzwa okuthintekayo kanye nokungagugi.
Inqubo Emisha Yenqubo Enobungani Nemvelo
Ezinye Izinto: Amafutha kabhontshisi wesoya ane-epoxidized kanye namapulasitiki e-polyester asetshenziselwa ukuvala ama-phthalates.
Uguquko lokonga amandla: Ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa ugesi obuhlangene kabili bunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-30%; ama-ejenti okwelapha asekelwe emanzini athatha indawo ye-solvent-based coatings.
- Ukuguqulwa kokusebenza: Faka ama-ion esiliva (i-antibacterial), ubumba olulungisiwe (ukuthuthukisa amandla nokumelana nokuguga).
IV. Isifinyezo: Izicelo namathrendi
Izindawo zokufaka isicelo: izinto zangaphakathi zezimoto (izihlalo), izembozo zefenisha, izicathulo (imidlalo ephezulu), izikhwama, njll.
Amathrendi embonini:
Izinqubomgomo ezikhawulelwe zokuvikela imvelo (ezifana nomkhawulo we-EU PVC), isikhumba se-TPU/microfiber kancane kancane singena esikhundleni semakethe ephakathi kuya kwephezulu.
"Izicaciso Zobuchwepheshe Zokuhlolwa Komkhiqizo Wokuklama Okuhlaza" (T/GMPA 14-2023) zisetshenziswa e-China ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikelwa kwemvelo kwemikhiqizo efana nesikhumba se-PVC saphansi.
Isiphetho esibalulekile: Isikhumba se-PVC singasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha, kodwa ingozi yokungcola ezixhumanisini zokukhiqiza/zokudoti isekhona. Imikhiqizo eqinisekiswe ngokwemvelo engenazo izinsimbi ezisindayo nama-phthalates iyakhethwa, futhi kubhekwe uguquko lwemboni kuzinto ezisekelwe ku-PU/bio.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-29-2025
