Uma kuziwa ezintweni ezithuthukisiwe, i-silicone ngokungangabazeki iyisihloko esishisayo. I-Silicone wuhlobo lwe-polymer material equkethe i-silicon, i-carbon, i-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo. Ihluke kakhulu ezintweni ze-silicon ezingaphili futhi ibonisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu emikhakheni eminingi. Ake sibheke ngokujulile izici, inqubo yokuthola kanye nesiqondiso sokusetshenziswa kwe-silicone.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-silicone ne-silicon ye-inorganic:
Okokuqala, kunomehluko osobala ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwe-silicone ne-silicon ye-inorganic. I-Silicone i-polymer material eyakhiwe nge-silicon ne-carbon, i-hydrogen, umoya-mpilo nezinye izakhi, kuyilapho i-silicon ye-inorganic ibhekisela ikakhulukazi kumakhompiyutha we-inorganic akhiwa i-silicon nomoya-mpilo, njenge-silicon dioxide (SiO2). Isakhiwo esisekelwe kukhabhoni se-silicone siyinikeza ukunwebeka kanye nepulasitiki, okwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa. Ngenxa yezici zesakhiwo samangqamuzana e-silicone, okungukuthi, amandla ebhondi ebhondi ye-Si-O (444J/mol) aphakeme kunalawo ebhondi ye-CC (339J/mol), izinto ze-silicone zinokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunezinhlanganisela ezijwayelekile ze-organic polymer.
Ukutholwa kwe-silicone:
Ukutholakala kwe-silicone kungalandelwa emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, ososayensi bahlanganisa ngempumelelo i-silicone ngokwethula amaqembu ezinto eziphilayo abe yizinhlanganisela ze-silicon. Lokhu kutholwa kwavula inkathi entsha yezinto ze-silicone futhi kwabeka isisekelo sokusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi embonini nesayensi. Ukuhlanganiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwe-silicone kwenze inqubekelaphambili enkulu emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, ukukhuthaza ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo nokuthuthukiswa kwalokhu okubalulekile.
Ama-silicones ajwayelekile:
Ama-Silicone ayikilasi lamakhompiyutha e-polymer atholakala kabanzi emvelweni nasekuhlanganiseni okwenziwayo, okuhlanganisa amafomu nezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene. Okulandelayo ezinye izibonelo zama-silicone avamile:
I-Polydimethylsiloxane (i-PDMS): I-PDMS iyi-elastomer evamile ye-silicone, evame ukutholakala ku-rubber ye-silicone. Inokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu nokuzinza kokushisa okuphezulu, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekulungiseleleni imikhiqizo yenjoloba, amadivaysi ezokwelapha, okokugcoba, njll.
Amafutha e-Silicone: Amafutha e-Silicone iyinhlanganisela ye-silicone eqondile ene-low surface tension kanye nokumelana okuhle nokushisa okuphezulu. Okuvame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zokugcoba, imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba, izinsiza zezokwelapha neminye imikhakha.
I-Silicone Resin: I-Silicone resin iyimpahla ye-polymer eyakhiwe ngamaqembu e-silicic acid enokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa kanye nezakhiwo zokuvala ugesi. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-coatings, ama-adhesives, emaphaketheni e-elekthronikhi, njll.
Irabha ye-Silicone: Irabha ye-Silicone iyi-silicone efana nerabha ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukufakwa kukagesi nezinye izakhiwo. Isetshenziswa kabanzi emasongweni okuvalwa, imikhono yokuvikela ikhebula nezinye izinkambu.
Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukuhlukahluka kwama-silicones. Badlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni ehlukene futhi banezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezivela embonini kuya ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Lokhu futhi kubonisa izici ezihlukahlukene zama-silicones njengento esebenza kahle kakhulu.
Izinzuzo Zokusebenza
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlanganisela ezijwayelekile ze-carbon chain, i-organosiloxane (i-Polydimethylsiloxane, i-PDMS) inezinzuzo ezithile zokusebenza eziyingqayizivele, okwenza ibonise ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezinhlelweni eziningi zokusebenza. Okulandelayo ezinye izinzuzo zokusebenza kwe-organosiloxane ngaphezu kwezinhlanganisela ezijwayelekile ze-carbon chain:
Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: I-Organosiloxane inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu. Isakhiwo se-silicon-oksijeni ibhondi yenza ama-organosiloxanes azinzile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu futhi angabi lula ukubola, okunikeza izinzuzo zokusetshenziswa kwawo ezindaweni zokushisa eziphezulu. Ngokuphambene, izinhlanganisela eziningi ze-carbon chain compounds zingabola noma zilahlekelwe ukusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
I-low surface tension: I-Organosiloxane ikhombisa ukungezwani okuphansi kwendawo, okuyenza ibe nokumanzi nokuthambisa okuhle. Lesi sakhiwo senza uwoyela we-silicone (uhlobo lwe-organosiloxane) asetshenziswe kakhulu ezintweni zokugcoba, imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.
Ukuvumelana nezimo nokunwebeka: Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-organosiloxane siyinikeza ukuguquguquka okuhle nokunwebeka, okuyenza ibe ukukhetha okuhle kokulungiselela irabha nezinto ezinwebekayo. Lokhu kwenza irabha ye-silicone isebenze kahle ekulungiseleleni izindandatho zokuvala, izingxenye ezinwebekayo, njll.
Ukufakwa kukagesi: I-Organosiloxane ikhombisa izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokufakwa kukagesi, okuyenza isetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni wezogesi. I-silicone resin (uhlobo lwe-siloxane) ivame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zokupakisha ze-elekthronikhi ukuhlinzeka ngokufakwa kukagesi nokuvikela izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi.
I-Biocompatibility: I-Organosiloxane inokuhambisana okuphezulu nezicubu ze-biological ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi kumishini yezokwelapha kanye nezinkambu ze-biomedical. Isibonelo, irabha ye-silicone ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-silicone yezokwelapha ezithweni zokwenziwa, ama-catheter ezokwelapha, njll.
Ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali: Ama-Organosiloxanes abonisa ukuzinza okuphezulu kwamakhemikhali nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kumakhemikhali amaningi. Lokhu kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwayo embonini yamakhemikhali ukuba kwandiswe, njengokulungiswa kwamathangi amakhemikhali, amapayipi kanye nezinto zokuvala.
Sekukonke, ama-organosiloxanes anezakhiwo ezihluke kakhulu kunezinhlanganisela ezijwayelekile ze-carbon chain, ezibenza bakwazi ukudlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi efana nokuthambisa, ukuvala uphawu, ezokwelashwa kanye ne-electronics.
Ukulungiselela indlela ye-organosilicon monomers
Indlela eqondile: Hlanganisa izinto ze-organosilicon ngokusabela ngokuqondile i-silicon ngezinhlanganisela eziphilayo.
Indlela engaqondile: Lungiselela i-organosilicon ngokuqhekeka, i-polymerization nokunye ukusabela kwenhlanganisela ye-silicon.
Indlela ye-Hydrolysis polymerization: Lungiselela i-organosilicon nge-hydrolysis polymerization ye-silanol noma i-silane alcohol.
Indlela ye-Gradient copolymerization: Hlanganisa izinto ze-organosilicon ezinezakhiwo ezithile nge-gradient copolymerization. ,
Organosilicon market trend
Ukwanda kwesidingo emikhakheni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu: Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezimboni zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, isidingo se-organosilicon enezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ezifana nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokufakwa kukagesi kuyanda.
Ukunwetshwa kwemakethe yemishini yezokwelapha: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-silicone ekukhiqizeni idivayisi yezokwelapha kuyaqhubeka nokukhula, futhi kuhlanganiswe nokuvumelana kwe-biocompatibility, kuletha amathuba amasha emkhakheni wemishini yezokwelapha.
Ukuthuthukiswa okusimeme: Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqwashisa ngemvelo kukhuthaza ucwaningo lwezindlela zokulungiselela eziluhlaza zezinto ze-silicone, njenge-silicone ebolayo, ukuze kuzuzwe intuthuko esimeme kakhudlwana.
Ukuhlolwa kwezinkambu zezicelo ezintsha: Izinkambu zezicelo ezintsha ziyaqhubeka nokuvela, njengezinto zikagesi eziguquguqukayo, amadivaysi e-optoelectronic, njll., ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqanjwa kabusha kanye nokwanda kwemakethe ye-silicone.
Isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwekusasa nezinselele
Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwe-silicone esebenzayo:Ekuphenduleni izidingo zezimboni ezahlukene, i-silicone izonaka kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kokusebenza esikhathini esizayo, njengezingubo ze-silicone ezisebenzayo, kufaka phakathi izakhiwo ezikhethekile ezifana nezakhiwo ze-antibacterial kanye ne-conductive.
Ucwaningo nge-silicone ye-biodegradable:Ngokuthuthukiswa kokuqwashisa ngemvelo, ucwaningo ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-silicone ezibolayo luzoba inkomba ebalulekile yentuthuko.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nano silicone: Ukusebenzisa i-nanotechnology, ucwaningo ekulungiseleleni nasekusetshenzisweni kwe-nano silicone ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo emikhakheni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
Ukutshala izindlela zokulungiselela: Ngezindlela zokulungiselela i-silicone, ukunakwa okwengeziwe kuzokhokhwa emigwaqweni yezobuchwepheshe eluhlaza kanye nemvelo esikhathini esizayo ukunciphisa umthelela emvelweni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-15-2024